In a bowl, combine the dry ingredients: flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger, and salt.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the pumpkin puree, eggs, and vanilla extract until smooth.
Gradually incorporate the dry ingredients into the wet mixture, stirring gently until just combined.
In a large, deep pot, heat oil to 350°F (175°C) for frying.
Scoop batter into a piping bag or a quart-sized zip-top bag with the corner snipped off.
Pipe the batter into the hot oil, forming a ring shape, and fry in batches until golden brown, about 3-4 minutes per side.
Remove the cooked doughnuts and place them on paper towels to drain excess oil.
In a bowl, mix the cream cheese, powdered sugar, and pumpkin spice until smooth to create the filling.
Once the doughnuts are cool enough to handle, fill them with the cream cheese mixture using a pastry bag or small spoon.
Dust the doughnuts with powdered sugar before serving.